THE REVOLTS FOR SOCIALIST DEMOCRACY IN THE “SOVIET BLOC”AND STALINISM’S TRANSFORMATIONS (1953-56)
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Abstract
After the Second World War the USSR expanded to part of East Europe its socio-economical model of a society of transition between capitalism and socialism with a regime of dictatorship of the bureaucracy (Stalinism), thus creating the “Soviet bloc”. After Stalin’s death, the bureaucracy had to make concessions as a way to avoid a popular revolt. This originated a “new course”, of supposed “de-Stalinization”.The changes generated conflicts between “reformers” and “conservatives” on the top echelons of many regimes. Imbued with high hopes for changes,between 1953-56,the workingclass and sectors of the intelligentsia of different countries took on the opportunity to demand genuine socialist democracy, through revolts or even revolutions, only partially and temporarily contained by the brutal repression of the Hungarian Revolution. These events are central for the comprehension of those social formations’ contradictions, as well as for the best understating of their collapse on the end of the 1980s.
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